Israel has reportedly killed nearly 100 Palestinians and injured 230 since a fragile truce, brokered by the United States, came into effect on October 10. The agreement has been marked by tension, with accusations and counter-accusations between Israel and Hamas. Israeli forces have repeatedly targeted unarmed civilians and conducted airstrikes in Gaza, including on Sunday when they claimed that Hamas fighters attacked their troops in the Rafah area, which is under Israeli control.
The ongoing conflict in Gaza, which the United Nations and international organizations have described as a genocide, has resulted in over 68,000 deaths and 170,200 injuries since October 2023. On October 7, 2023, Hamas-led attacks in Israel killed 1,139 people and took nearly 200 hostages.
The question of who broke the ceasefire remains unresolved. Despite claims from both sides, the status of the truce is unclear. The ceasefire, a 20-point proposal introduced by the U.S. at the end of September and mediated by Qatar, Egypt, and Turkey, includes conditions for the release of all captives and the establishment of an independent Palestinian administration to govern Gaza.
Hamas accepted the condition of releasing all captives but stated that other demands must be addressed within an inclusive Palestinian national framework. Meanwhile, the Government Media Office in Gaza claims Israel has violated the deal 80 times, resulting in the death of at least 97 Palestinians.
On Friday, Israeli forces shot down a civilian vehicle in the Zeitoun neighborhood, killing 11 members of the Abu Shaaban family, including seven children and three women. On Sunday, Israeli air raids and attacks killed dozens in Gaza. On Monday, after claiming it would abide by the ceasefire, Israel killed several Palestinians in northern Gaza’s Shujayea neighborhood, alleging they posed a threat after crossing an unmarked “yellow line” behind which Israeli forces have retreated.
Aid deliveries have also been restricted, with Israel closing the Rafah crossing and limiting the number of aid trucks allowed through to 300 per day—half the number agreed upon in the ceasefire.
Hamas has released all 20 living captives and returned 12 of the 28 bodies of those killed during the bombing. However, the group has emphasized the difficulty of recovering bodies due to the extensive destruction caused by Israeli strikes. According to Gaza’s civil defense, more than 10,000 Palestinians remain trapped under rubble.
Entire neighborhoods have been destroyed, making it nearly impossible for residents to locate their homes. The “invisible yellow line” beyond which Palestinians risk being shot has instilled fear among many, particularly those uncertain whether their homes are on the Israeli or Palestinian side of the boundary.
Approximately 58% of Gaza is under Israeli control, according to a rough map. Food and resources remain critically scarce in the besieged enclave as Israel continues to block humanitarian aid.
The Israeli government has not committed to fully withdrawing its forces from Gaza, stating it may maintain a buffer zone until there is no “resurgent terror threat.” Experts suggest this loophole allows Israel to remain indefinitely.
U.S. President Donald Trump has affirmed that the ceasefire is still in effect and pledged that U.S. officials will ensure “very peaceful” conditions. Following Israeli attacks that killed dozens on Sunday, the Israeli military announced that the ceasefire had resumed along with the flow of aid.
Hamas has reiterated its commitment to the ceasefire terms and to working toward lasting peace, despite ongoing challenges and violations from both sides.
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